Objective: The objectivewas to evaluate effect of Calcium Hydroxide Chlorhexidine mix on pulpectomised primary anterior teeth microbiologically, clinically and radiographically (immediately one month and three months). Subjects & Methods: The sample size was estimated to be 32 randomly selected Egyptian children were divided into two equal groups: Group A: Irrigated with sodium hypochlorite (n = 16).Group B: Irrigated with calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine mix (CH-CHX) (n = 16). A fresh sample was collected from each root canal before and two days after irrigation by the help of paper point. Then the sample was added to a tube containing 9 ml Amies medium as a transfer medium to keep the viability of the microorganisms under aseptic condition. 16 teeth were obturated with zinc oxide eugenol obturating material and another 16 teeth were obturated with calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine mix obturating material.All samples were transferred to the bacteriological laboratory at Faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University ـ (Cairo -girls) for culture on the selective media and quantification of E. faecalis colony forming units (CFUs).All samples were followed clinically and radiographically immediately after obturation, one month and three months, the sign of success and failure were recorded.The number of E. faecalis colonies before and after irrigation was compared for each group. Results: It was found that the number of E.faecalis colonies were decreased in all groups, But these differences were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: From the results of this study we can be concluded that: 1. Both 5%mm sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine mix irrigant solutions have antibacterial effect against E.faecallis. 2. Calcium hydroxide chlorhexidine mix irrigant solution was superior to 0.5% sodium hypochlorite when used against E.faecalis bacteria but the difference between them was non-significant.3.No effect in different obturating materials in success or failure.
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